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Cornea diseases are a serious problem for people. When something goes wrong with the cornea, the eyesight can be impaired or lost completely. Particularly in developing countries, corneal diseases are known to be one of the leading causes of preventable blindness.

 

Dr. Jatin Ashar, an eye specialist in Ghatkopar and a senior ophthalmologist at Mumbai Eye Care, offers the best solution for impaired vision due to corneal diseases. A cornea is a transparent layer at the front of the eye that covers and protects the iris and pupil. It also helps focus light as it enters the eye. When cells on the cornea are damaged or diseased, they can stop working properly. This is known as corneal disease. Corneal diseases range in severity from mild to severe, with symptoms ranging from blurry vision to loss of vision.

Dr. Jatin Ashar, a cornea specialist in Mumbai explained, “There are many different kinds of corneal diseases and injuries, affecting people at all ages, so it's important to understand them in order to stay informed about how you can protect yourself and your loved ones from them.” Cornea disease can be caused by trauma, bacterial infections, viral infections (such as herpes), exposure to chemicals or poor nutrition, or genetics. It can also be inherited as part of a genetic condition such as Fuchs' dystrophy, keratoconus or Marfan syndrome. Other causes include radiation exposure and autoimmune diseases like Sjögren's syndrome. Finally, there's keratoconus: a non-inherited condition characterised by abnormal growth of the cornea that causes vision impairment and sometimes blindness if untreated.

Treatment for corneal disease depends on the type and severity of the disease. In most cases, treatment is aimed at relieving symptoms such as pain and inflammation. For instance, antibiotic drops are used to treat bacterial infections, and anti-inflammatory drops help prevent scarring from infection. Other than that, corneal surgery or corneal transplantation is an alternative solution to treat corneal disease.

Since its advent, corneal surgery has evolved from a relatively crude operation with poor long-term results to a procedure that is quick, effective, and often painless, with improved results and a good prognosis for the patient. Modern cataract surgery or phacoemulsification is performed under local anaesthesia, in most cases eliminating the need for general anaesthetics and the side effects associated with them.